The global hunger for raw materials is growing. For future technologies and the green transformation, we sometimes need different raw materials than before - and in larger quantities. However, mining projects, especially in the Global South, often entail ecological and social risks. A "clean" energy transition in Germany is only possible if the raw materials are also mined "cleanly". We will discuss with you how Germany and the EU can secure the supply of raw materials and at the same time establish responsible supply chains that benefit the people in the mining countries.
The economic and political importance of so-called critical raw materials is huge. An electric car, for example, contains up to three kilograms of rare metals, as well as an average of 66 kilograms of graphite, 53 kilograms of copper and 13 kilograms of cobalt. The raw materials mostly come from just a few countries in Asia, Africa or Latin America. Global competition has long since flared up. Germany is also dependent on imports of these raw materials.
Not only the extraction, but also the production and processing of the raw materials are concentrated in just a few countries. For example, 87 percent of imported photovoltaic systems come from an Asian country. This creates new dependencies, which are exacerbated by trade conflicts and political tensions. In short, supply is limited, demand is high and supply chains are potentially susceptible to disruption. Debates on how to diversify raw material supply chains and develop alternative sources of supply are therefore becoming increasingly intense.
At the same time, it is important to avoid ecological and social "collateral damage" during extraction, such as groundwater contamination or child labor. In order to successfully compete for these raw materials, German and European companies must be attractive partners. This has long included making fair and sustainable offers to countries rich in raw materials.
We will discuss with you what Germany and the EU need raw materials for, where they (can) come from and why the current geopolitical situation is particularly tense in this respect. We will also look at the perspective of resource-rich countries in the Global South and ask how our trade relations can support economic, social and ecological development worldwide.
In cooperation with the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP) and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (Unido)
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